Analysis Of A Whole Tourism System Tourism Essay

Analysis Of A Whole Tourism System Tourism Essay Introduction Nowadays, the world tourism industry is growing very fast. Tourists are now visiting more remote areas and amazing places. Tourism in presents world is no more a basic sightseeing. The tourism systems are the arrangement of people, places and organizations in particular roles and it is named as a geographical extremities. Many of the tourism systems are modeled as arrangements of five common elements which are interactive to environments (Leiper, 1990). So, this paper would like to present the Whole Tourism System (WTS) in a peaceful destination like Auckland city in New Zealand as it is famous about Eco-tourism Adventured-tourism and wonderful nature. Almost all of foreign tourists visit the Auckland city as a first city when they come to New Zealand. In This paper will analysis Bangkok and Auckland and case study from my experience when I was an international student and stay there for 10 months. I took a Thai airway (TG) direct flight from Bangkok to Auckland. I paid for booking the round trip air ticket around 40,000 Bath. Normally, if you stay for holiday the air fares much cheaper. Maybe the price between 25,000 35,000 Bath. It depends on which airline you choose. During I studied in Auckland, my cousin come to travel in Auckland. At that time, He arrived by Thai airways direct flight but his air ticket was cheaper than my ticket because he plan to stay in Auckland for 2weeks. So, I taught him about Transit Route (TR) and also we went to Waiheke Island by Ferries boat to get into. It not far from Auckland city. However, we collected the information from Tourist Information centre at the Aucklands Sky Tower. So, Auckland city is quite easy for travel without agency because New Zealand concern about this and also the local peo ple speak English language. WHOLE TOURISM SYSTEM (WTS) Whole tourism system will help to understand about the tourism WTS is huge because every itinerary route followed by one or more tourists it is an open system its models are recognize that facts and its implementation the closed system is the one does not interact with the environment (Leiper, 2004). In other word, many people are seeing the tourism as an industry rather than understanding the tourism as a system which includes the elements which are interrelated parts working together to complete general purposes. This is called tourism system (Mill and Morrison, 2002). The whole systems will tells about all tourism industry business hotels, resorts airlines other business and organizations affected by the tourism. And it provides the better understanding to the people who are working the hotels and resorts to not basically provide service to customers but to understand why they are coming to the hotels (Mill and Morrison, 2002). And Leiper said that the system he thought that there should be a model of whole tourism system (WTS) to present a way of bearing in mind the complete scope of tourism. Also the whole tourism systems focus and develops tourism market for meets the requirement of a tourist. So the propose of this paper will describe and analysis a whole tourism system. Tourists Tourism has become a popular in a global leisure activity. According to Leiper said that the tourists are the people who travel away from the home to another place for a short-term period of at least one night, to the extent that their behaviour involves a search for leisure experiences from interactions with features or characteristics of places they choose to visit. (Leiper, 2004) And also Leiper said At least one tourist is elementary. Without tourists there can be tourism (Leiper, 2004). In this case, from the information of Tourism New Zealand show that the visitors who come to the New Zealand spend 6.2 billion us dollars by international visitor in the year to Dec 2009. So, New Zealand tourism industry from the last couple of years has emerged as a major factor in the growth of New Zealand economy with substantial foreign exchange earnings. As tourism constitutes various other related sectors including hotels, resorts, and other industries it has a significant contribution to the overall revenue. However, Tourism New Zealand show the table about the most number of tourists will come to see the Auckland city which is once the biggest city of New Zealand before they visit another place in New Zealand. In this case, Bangkok is traveller generating region (TGR) and Tourism New Zealand said the number of Thai people come to travel in New Zealand at least 3,500 visitors, followed by March, May and October. There were 19,296 visitor arrivals from this market in the year ended November 2009. Except the number of tourists from Thailand airport comes to visit Auckland city who is not Thai people. So, Bangkok able to be a first of traveller generating region or second traveller generating region as well. Traveller-generating region (TGR): Bangkok, Thailand Traveller-generating region (TGR) is places where a tourists trip begins and normally ends (Leiper, 2004). The generating regions are the place for the essential markets of the tourist business and it is the basis of tourist industry (Bhatta, 2002). Traveller-generating region (TGR) is the origin of tourist or a place that inspire the desire to travel (Leiper, 2004). However, Auckland city concerned about Traveller-generating region (TGR) is important. That can show from the number of travel fair which New Zealand come to promoted themself. Because New Zealand attracts a steady number of visitors from the South East Asian markets of India, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. The markets have shown resilience during the global economic downturn, proving their value for New Zealand tourism. Although these markets are smaller in visitor numbers, awareness of an interested in New Zealand holidays is strong. These markets also offer good opportunities to boost visitor numbers to New Zealand in autumn, which is the peak time for travel from Thailand. And visitor arrivals from Thailand decreased by 3.4 per cent in the year ended June 2008 from one year prior followed by a slight increase of 1.3 per cent in the year ended 2009. So Bangkok not only Tourist destination region (TDR) for every traveller it can be come to a Traveller-generating region (TGR) for the people who live or come to travel in Bangkok and the tourists who comes to visit can plan to next travel to go to Auckland city before go back home or other destinations anyway. Transits Route (TR): Bangkok to Auckland Leiper said that Transits Route (TR) is places that tourist passing through along the way in order to get to their tourist destination regions (Leiper, 2004). So, there are many international flights to New Zealand and from there are several ways to reach the main destination for Auckland city. Unfortunately, availability of airline seats is a concern for New Zealand in South East Asia, particularly for India, which is not currently served by direct flights to New Zealand. Tourism New Zealands Regional Manager for South East Asia is based in Mumbai, but we also have offices in Bangkok and Singapore. Anyway, there are many direct international flights from Bangkok to Auckland. Thai Airways now flies four 777-300 non-stop services per week between Bangkok and Auckland. The airline is looking at increasing services between the two cities in the near future. In Auckland city, you can rent the car or take a punctually bus (Stagecoach Auckland) when tourist want to go travel in the city. However, the information of Tourism New Zealand showed that 50% of visitor from Thailand are coming with a group. So, it much easier to go travel in every main tourist attraction. Tourist destination region (TDRs): Auckland, New Zealand Tourist destination region (TDR) are places where a tourists main visiting activities occurs (Leiper, 2004) and Tourist destination region (TDR) can be defined as places where travels choose to stay awhile for leisure experiences(Leiper, 2004). Followed by Leiper said, New Zealand is one of the well-known destinations of the World Tourism map with peaceful city. Auckland city is one of peaceful city in New Zealand. Population of Auckland city without traveller are around 1.3millions. Local people said Auckland city as a city of sail or queen city because Auckland city is a biggest and grow up fastest in New Zealand. Nowadays, Auckland is a centre of business and industry. Not only this, Auckland city is a city with natural resources and green the atmosphere so Auckland city becomes popular for international student and traveler more. Moreover, there are plenty of shopping areas, lot of souvenir and the tourist attraction. Form my advised which are push factor of Auckland city; Aucklands Sky Tower is highlight of Auckland city. There are casino, restaurants, high jump activity and the best view point inside the tower. Mount Eden is old volcano mountain area and the highest point of Auckland city. Auckland Zoo is fantastic place to see Pacific Oceans animal. Traveler also can found Kiwi bird as the symbolic of New Zealand. Auckland Museum is the one of biggest museum in New Zealand. National Maritime Museum is the museum which collects the history of ocean 1,000 years before. Auckland Art Gallery Toi O Tamaki is collecting every kind of arts of New Zealand including Maori arts too. Victoria Park Market as a creative market for teenager and traveler. One Tree Hill (Maungakiekie) is a volcanic cone which dominates the skyline in the southern inner suburbs. Also it is history place of negotiation about Maori people and European people. Ericsson Stadium is a rugby stadium. It is a famous place of local people because rugby is the most famous sport in New Zealand. Auckland Harbour Bridge is also the highlight and one of Auckland citys symbolic. However, Maori Culture and Maori Art easily found. Also Auckland is the best place for sheep products it is pretty cheap and the tourists can find different verities of sheep product and best quality too. Tourist visit Auckland in early morning, afternoon, or evening and also a special part of Auckland city is a night time. Especially sky tower changes colour every month. So, it is very beautiful to visit Auckland city as a Tourist destination region (TDR). Tourism industries Normally, tourists are booking everything from travel agency but some just booking only air ticket so Tourism industries quite important for tourist. Leiper said that Tourism industries are an organizational element which is collections of managed organizations in the business of tourism that work together to some degree in marketing tourism and providing services, goods and facilities and Tourism industries represent organizations that engage or influent the tourists activities (Leiper, 2004). The tourists arriving in Auckland were welcomed by local people. And there are various tourism industries to accommodate tourists visiting to Auckland. Kiwiexperience.com one of many choice about tourism information service which is reasonable price and many of tourist from this site are around 18-35 year old. Tourismnewzealand.com is recognized by ministry of government for give every information to traveller. However, Auckland city has a many information centre service and also there are off icer who wearing a red suit will help you to give information for traveller in every main street. So it quite helpful for traveller without travel plans. ENVIRONMENTS AFFECTING WHOLE TOURISM SYSTEM (WTS) Environments nearby a tourism destination interrelate with tourism actions happening in the destination. Following are some environments affecting WTS in Auckland. Physical environment The Atmosphere in the city the architecture of the buildings reflects European style and elegance. Some of architectural is Maori style. It is the one of many major tourist attractions in Auckland. And also Auckland city is a green city and safe. So, this kind of physical environment is the first reason for the city to be a Tourist destination region (TDR). Climate change At the present, Auckland is facing some world environmental problems call climate change or global warming. So some time Auckland meets some bad effect of this problem too. World economy crisis World economy crisis effects to every tourist from worldwide. Tourist least spent their money and also they slow down for many holiday plan. So, just like Leiper said no tourist no tourism. WHOLE TOURISM SYSTEM (WTS) AFFECTING ENVIRONMENTS The environments of anything are the nearby circumstance that may have an effect on it in any way and that might be affected by it (Leiper, 2004). Physical impacts Mainly in Auckland mostly at weekend it is seen as physical impacts caused by the growing number of tourists coming from everywhere and the domestic tourists are visit in the weekend time. So it a lot of traveller in every beaches or tourist attractions. It is main worst part and the pollution. So, water pollutions and urban waste are increased because of activities done by tourists. Economic impacts Tourism has major effects on the economies of destination areas (Mathieson and Wall, 1982). So, A number of factors are responsible for the rapid growth and development of the tourism industry in New Zealand. These include the strong economic growth increase in income, breakdown of political barriers, easing of travel restrictions, liberalization of air transport, and focused marketing campaigns. Strong economic growth in New Zealand is attributed to a focus on market reforms, export oriented industries, stable currencies, diversification of the economy, and massive injection of foreign capital. Billions of Us dollars are being poured into the tourism infrastructure to accommodate a rapidly increasing Indian tourism industry. This has intensified trade, investment, and travel within the region and with the rest of the world. Tourism also helps to generate additional job placements for its people (Mathieson and Wall, 1982). Tourists are spending money in Auckland as a Tourist destinat ion region (TDR) and also give involvement in rising per person wages in the places and also improve various businesses for other communities. CONCLUSION This report showed how the model of Whole Tourism System (WTS) is applied in Auckland city. There are five elements in whole tourism systems they are Travellers Generating Regions (TGR), the Transit Route (TR) and the Tourist Destination Region (TDR) Tourism Industries and Tourist. Knowledge of how Leipers Basic Whole Tourist System aids in the development of a destination such as Auckland city. Throughout my study in this area I have looked at this whole system will helps the tourism planners the planners need to understand this system because this paper gives the brief understanding about each and every element in this system and how it will after the other system as well. All the system are interrelated to other systems so each and every element should work properly as if one fails to function properly wit will affect the whole tourism system. According from my point of view after studying about the whole tourism system each and every element is important to be a success full trip if one of the elements is missing from the Whole tourism system (WTS) there is no tour and then there is no tourism.

Capturing the Value of Supplementary Services

A brief note on Supplementary service verses standard service: The service as a product is essentially described as a package or bundle of different services, tangibles and intangibles, which all together form the total product. The package is divided into two main categories: the first one is the main service, which is called the ‘core service' or ‘substantive service'. The other one is ‘auxiliary services' or ‘extras', which are often referred to as ‘peripherals' or ‘peripheral services'. These are also known as supplementary services. The core service is the basic value provided by the service product.It is the reason to purchase or consume services. This is the reason for which any company is in business too. Supplementary services are those that facilitate and enhance use of the core services. These are services other than core that companies offer to their customers to give additional value to their products or to encourage customer loyalty. Flexible Services Offering: It has been observed through research that most suppliers typically provide customers with more services than they want or need at prices that often reflect neither the value of those services to customers nor the cost of providing them.Too many times the manufactures continue to let sales people give away whatever services they think it will take to land a deal, even if those freebies dramatically reduce the profitability of business. To overcome the cost associated with the above issues, the author has suggested the ‘flexible service offering’ model to enable manufacturing and service companies reduce the number and cost of services they use to augment their core products.This approach enables the company to identify a naked solution or a naked system (which is the bare-bones-minimum number of services uniformly valued by all customers in a given segment at the lowest possible price that yield a profit). These naked solutions are then wrapp ed with options – particular services valued by individual customers within the segment. The steps to achieve flexible service offering are, ? Understand the supplementary services portfolio.If the company compiles the complete inventory of supplementary service, then it can assess the value of each service and the cost of providing it. ? Assess the value of the service rather than just measuring the customer satisfaction. Results indicate that while customers determine their re-purchase intention based on both core and supplementary service quality, mediated by value and satisfaction there is a direct and positive relationship of involvement between customer satisfaction and value of supplementary service provided. Extend the activity-based-costing technique to supplementary services as well. If the manufacture can break down costs on segment-to-segment and customer-to-customer basis, then it is viable to determine the value/price of the service being offered. This helps ind ustries to target those market segments where their products or services provided the greatest value to customers and thus held the greatest potential for profit. Identify the existing standard services that can be done away with or specialized services that can be part of standardized services.Identify the existing optional services that can be discontinued. The benchmark here is simple: if the cost of the optional service exceeds the customers’ willingness to pay for it, the service should be discontinued. ? Apart from identifying the standard or optional services, to stay ahead in competition a manufacture has to continually innovate and produce new value added services. *For example in a survey taken by Hong Kong mobile phone industry to gauge the benefits of the supplementary services among the customers, it was reveled that the only one of the supplementary services (both optional and standard like pricing policy, staff assistance, customer service and transmission qual ity and network coverage) factor in the satisfaction determinants among the mobile phone users.The results suggest that network providers should focus more on transmission quality and network coverage as the core attributes of their service offerings and formulate appropriate ricing policy, rather than competing or focusing more on supplementary services like varied customer services. Benefits: When the supplementary services are offered with all the above attributes discussed in the flexible services offering section, there are lot many benefits the service providers gain and it also establishes the fact that trimming the supplementary services to what is required and beneficial to the manufacturer has benefits that far outweigh the benefits of keeping all the supplementary services just so as to satisfy the customer and keep the market share.Flexible service offering provides suppliers with a powerful means of retaining and expanding business with their most valuable customers. ? Helps customize the packages of products and services to meet more precisely the requirements of its spectrum of customers. ? Enables managers to be more adaptive and responsive in their pricing. ? Flexible service offering helps companies to revamp their sales force philosophies and practices. More control is given in the hands of the sales team there by enabling sales team to be more persuasive in explaining the value of services to the customers. #Case Study: Credit Card Marketing in Indian Industry The case study below deals with managing perceived risk for credit card purchase through supplementary services. Supplementary services can play a significant role in controlling functional and psychological perceived risk associated with credit card services. Marketers of credit cards can enhance the value of services to customers and can thus enhance purchase possibilities by reducing perceived risk through supplementary services that are controllable.Perceived risk is defined as th e uncertainty that consumers face when they cannot foresee the consequences of their purchase decisions. The supplementary services recognized in this case were, ? ATM access, cash advance, and cash withdrawal and other facilities to meet financial requirements effectively. ? ATM access, cash advance, and cash withdrawal facilities with credit card. ? Through add-on card other family members can also use the credit card. ? Buying airline/railway tickets by using credit card at special counters save time. Additional facilities with credit card increase its usage value. In a study done by the author (Dr. Anita Goyal), it was revealed that 79. 26% agree with the idea that supplementary services provide operational value. It was also inferred that there were significant differences in the frequency of perceptions towards the statements indicating the functional utility of supplementary services available with credit cards. 70. 64% agree that supplementary services with credit cards help them to take care of psychological risk.There is a favorable perception of supplementary services in controlling the psychological risk. Respondents feel mental satisfaction to have supplementary services with credit cards. Thus, consumers while deciding for a credit card purchase consider facilitating services and supplementary services as significant in providing help to consumers for pre-purchase evaluation of credit cards and to make credit card purchase decisions in the Indian environment.References: 1. * Customer Satisfaction in the Hong Kong Mobile Phone Industry. – Service Industries Journal; Jul99, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p162-174, 13p, 3 charts http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=bth&AN=2514451&site=ehost-live 2. ## Managing perceived risk for credit card purchase through supplementary services. – Journal of Financial Services Marketing; Mar2008, Vol. 12 Issue 4, p331-345, 15p, 6 charts. http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&d b=bth&AN=31227169&site=ehost-live

New Ideas Into Easy Persuasive Essay Topics for Middle School Never Before Revealed

New Ideas Into Easy Persuasive Essay Topics for Middle School Never Before Revealed Each category is intended to provide the reader a better comprehension of the topic for that specific essay. So before you search content for the topic, it is crucial that you build an outline regarding how to approach the topic. You also debate whether the topic is politically accurate. You're guaranteed to locate an interesting and controversial topic. The simplest approach to compose a great persuasive essay is to chose a topic you're confident in. You would like your paper to be noticed, meaning you don't want to choose the effortless topic and have your paper reflect precisely the same thing every one's paper does. Another good idea is to receive some totally free essay examples of different kinds and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a thriving debatable paper looks. Your third category, that is the main category of the entire essay, requires the most examples. The Lost Secret of Easy Persuasive Essay Topics for Middle School The success of the entire essay directly depends upon how good you present the supporting facts. You should repeat the thesis that you mentioned in the commencement of your essay for a way to refresh the reader's mind of the primary aim of the essay. The aim of the essay is to select an argument and attempt to persuade the reader to adopt it. The purpose of this kind of essay is to encourage readers to accept a specific viewpoint or act in a given way. The Number One Question You Must Ask for Easy Persuasive Essay Topics for Middle School Then the ideal approach is set a request I will need to acquire essay papers written. Don't worry, help from an internet essay writing service is readily available now. To begin with, let's look at the beginning of the essay. There are various sorts of essays and largely depend on just what the writer would like to convey. The first thing you must take note of is that every one of the categories in the essay must reveal the total topic of the essay to the reader. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go right to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. The multiple topics could possibly be found, for instance, in the dissertation abstracts international database. Persuasive essays are an excellent approach to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. All persuasive essays are like argumentative essays. Writing an excellent persuasive essay is not a simple job, however, it's achievable. The very best persuasive short essays often concentrate on controversial problems. A comparative essay is among the few requirements for students to finish a program. After you select the appropriate job or prompt, it's simple to acquire students to organize their thoughts and place them on paper. Unlike topics for middle school or higher school, decent college topics are somewhat more challenging to discover. America should act now to safeguard the standard of drinking water. Easy Persuasive Essay Topics for Middle School Features The cost of an essay depends upon the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. Persuasive writing can be hard, particularly when you're made to face with a close-minded audience. Find wh at your essays have to have in order to persuade your audience. Hence, if you're going to stick to the preceding suggestions then you might have the ability to compose your argumentative persuasive essay in almost no time. Easy Persuasive Essay Topics for Middle School - Dead or Alive? You're basically attempting to win acceptance of your ideas from folks who might not necessarily agree with your perception on a sure thing. The individual grading your paper will likely appreciate how you deviated from the norm. It's possible to discover a lot of persuasive essays in the domain of politics. A lot of people decide to compose persuasive essays about things they believe aren't perfect. There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's crucial to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the special area of study. In such cases, you don't need to choo se topics that require plenty of research and preparation. You may easily depend on us to find essay help as we have a tendency to assist and guide the students with the assistance of our professional experts.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo History and Implications

In September 1847, the Mexican-American War essentially ended when the American army captured Mexico City after the Battle of Chapultepec. With the Mexican capital city in American hands, diplomats took charge and over the course of a few months wrote up the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the conflict and ceded vast Mexican territories to the USA for $15 million and forgiveness of certain Mexican debts. It was a coup for the Americans, who gained a significant part of their current national territory, but a disaster for Mexicans who saw roughly half of their national territory given away. The Mexican-American War War broke out in 1846 between Mexico and the USA. There were many reasons why, but the most important were lingering Mexican resentment over the 1836 loss of Texas and the Americans desire for Mexicos northwestern lands, including California and New Mexico. This desire to expand the nation to the Pacific was referred to as Manifest Destiny. The USA invaded Mexico on two fronts: from the north through Texas and from the east via the Gulf of Mexico. The Americans also sent a smaller army of conquest and occupation into the western territories they wished to acquire. The Americans won every major engagement and by September of 1847 had pushed to the gates of Mexico City itself. The Fall of Mexico City: On September 13, 1847, the Americans, under the command of General Winfield Scott, took the fortress at Chapultepec and the gates to Mexico City: they were close enough to fire mortar rounds into the heart of the city. The Mexican army under General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna abandoned the city: he would later try (unsuccessfully) to cut the American supply lines to the east near Puebla. The Americans took control of the city. Mexican politicians, who had previously stalled or rebuffed all American attempts at diplomacy, were ready to talk. Nicholas Trist, Diplomat Some months before, American President James K. Polk had sent diplomat Nicholas Trist to join General Scotts force, giving him authority to conclude a peace agreement when the time was right and informing him of the American demands: a huge chunk of Mexicos northwestern territory. Trist repeatedly tried to engage the Mexicans during 1847, but it was difficult: the Mexicans did not want to give away any land and in the chaos of Mexican politics, governments seemed to come and go weekly. During the Mexican-American War, six men would be President of Mexico: the presidency would change hands between them nine times. Trist Stays in Mexico Polk, disappointed in Trist, recalled him in late 1847. Trist got his orders to return to the USA in November, just as Mexican diplomats began seriously negotiating with the Americans. He was ready to go home when some fellow diplomats, including Mexican and British ones, convinced him that to leave would be a mistake: the fragile peace might not last the several weeks it would take a replacement to arrive. Trist decided to stay and met with Mexican diplomats to hammer out a treaty. They signed the pact in the Guadalupe Basilica in the town of Hidalgo, named for Mexicos founder Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, and which would give the treaty its name. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (the full text of which can be found in the links below) was nearly exactly what President Polk had asked for. Mexico ceded all of California, Nevada, and Utah and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Wyoming and Colorado to the USA in exchange for $15 million dollars and forgiveness of about $3 million more in previous debt. The treaty established the Rio Grande as the border of Texas: this had been a sticky subject in previous negotiations. Mexicans and Native Americans living in those lands were guaranteed to keep their rights, properties, and possessions and could become US citizens after one year if they desired. Also, future conflicts between the two nations would be settled by arbitration, not war. It was approved by Trist and his Mexican counterparts on February 2, 1848. Approval of the Treaty President Polk was enraged by the refusal of Trist to abandon his duty: Nevertheless, he was pleased with the treaty, which gave him all that he had asked for. He passed it along to Congress, where it was held up by two things. Some northern Congressmen tried to add the Wilmot Proviso which would assure that the new territories did not allow slavery: this demand was later taken out. Other Congressmen wanted even more territory ceded in the agreement (some demanded all of Mexico!). Eventually, these Congressmen were outvoted and Congress approved the treaty (with a couple of minor changes) on March 10, 1848. The Mexican government followed suit on May 30 and the war was officially over. Implications of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was a bonanza for the United States. Not since the Louisiana Purchase had so much new territory been added to the USA. It would not be long before thousands of settlers began making their way to the new lands. To make things even sweeter, gold was discovered in California shortly thereafter: the new land would pay for itself almost immediately. Sadly, those articles of the treaty which guaranteed the rights of Mexicans and Native Americans living in the ceded lands were often ignored by Americans moving west: many of them lost their lands and rights and some werent officially given citizenship until decades later. For Mexico, it was a different matter. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is a national embarrassment: the lowlight of a chaotic time when generals, politicians and other leaders put their own self-interests above those of the nation. Most Mexicans know all about the treaty and some are still angry about it. As far as theyre concerned, the USA stole those lands and the treaty just made it official. Between the loss of Texas and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexico had lost 55 percent of its land in twelve years. Mexicans are right to be indignant about the treaty, but in reality, the Mexican officials at the time had little choice. In the USA, there was a small but vocal group that wanted much more territory than the treaty called for (mostly sections of northern Mexico that had been captured by General Zachary Taylor during the early part of the war: some Americans felt that by right of conquest those lands should be included). There were some, including several Congressmen, who wanted all of Mexico! These movements were well known in Mexico. Surely some Mexican officials who signed off on the treaty felt that they were in danger of losing much more by failing to agree to it. The Americans werent Mexicos only problem. Peasant groups all over the nation had taken advantage of the strife and mayhem to mount major armed revolts and insurrections. The so-called Caste War of Yucatan would claim the lives of 200,000 people in 1848: the people of Yucatan were so desperate that they begged the US to intervene, offering to willingly join the USA if they occupied the region and ended the violence (the US declined). Smaller revolts had broken out in several other Mexican states. Mexico needed to get the US out and turn its attention to this domestic strife. In addition, the western lands in question, such as California, New Mexico, and Utah, were already in American hands: they had been invaded and taken early in the war and there was a small but significant American armed force already in place there. Given that those territories were already lost, was it not better to at least gain some sort of financial reimbursement for them? Military reconquest was out of the question: Mexico had been unable to re-take Texas in ten years, and the Mexican Army was in tatters after the disastrous war. The Mexican diplomats probably got the best deal available under the circumstances. Sources Eisenhower, John S. D. So Far From God: The U. S. War With Mexico, 1846–1848. Paperback, University of Oklahoma Press, September 15, 2000. Henderson, Timothy J. A Glorious Defeat: Mexico and Its War with the United States. 1st edition, Hill and Wang, May 13, 2008. Wheelan, Joseph. Invading Mexico: Americas Continental Dream and the Mexican War, 1846-1848. Hardcover, 1st Carroll Graf Ed edition, Carroll Graf, February 15, 2007.