Elizabeth I. essays

Elizabeth I. essays Elizabeth Tudor was born at Greenwich palace on September 7th in 1533 as the daughter of Henry VIII and his second wife Anne Boldeyn who was executed on may 19th when Elizabeth was only two years old. She had inherited intelligence, determination and shrewdness from both of her parents. She also spoke six languages fluently which showed that she was very well-educated. To become Queen the daughter of Henry VIII had to face some difficulties. Catholics doubted Elizabeths claim to the throne because they saw Mary, who was the Queen of the Scots, as the true Queen of England. Thats were the conflict between her and Elizabeth lay. Cause of too many conspiracies against Elizabeth I. by Catholics who wanted her on the throne Mary was executed. Elizabeth became Queen of England in November of 1558 at age 25. She is known as The Virgin Queen, Good Queen Bess and Gloriana. She swore and spat whenever she was angry and her speeches were difficult to understand because of her missing teeth. Although she entertained marriage proposals and liked to flirt Elizabeth chose not to get married. She was a selfless woman who sacrificed personal happiness for the good of the nation to which she was married. Gloriana thought that if she had chosen a foreign prince he would have drawn England into foreign policies for his own advantages. She also felt that marrying a fellow country man could have drawn her into factional infighting. Her 44 years and 4 months reign is known as one of the most glorious in English history. Elizabeths first task of business was to eliminate religious unrest. During her reign the Church of England was established. Its doctrines were written down in 39 articles of 1563 which was a compromise between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism.Her church settlement saved England from religious wars. The Queen of England had many Catholic enemies and it was not safe for her to travel around the count...

The History of Chinese Chopsticks

The History of Chinese Chopsticks Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture. Chopsticks are called Kuaizi in Chinese and were called Zhu in ancient times (see the characters above). Chinese people have been using kuaizi as one of the main tableware for more than 3,000 years. History of Chopsticks It was recorded in Liji (The Book of Rites) that chopsticks were used in the Shang Dynasty (1600 BC - 1100 BC). It was mentioned in Shiji (the Chinese history book) by Sima Qian (about 145 BC) that Zhou, the last king of the Shang Dynasty (around 1100 BC), used ivory chopsticks. Experts believe the history of wood or bamboo chopsticks can be dated to about 1,000 years earlier than ivory chopsticks. Bronze chopsticks were invented in the Western Zhou Dynasty (1100 BC - 771 BC). Lacquer chopsticks from the Western Han (206 BC - 24 AD) were discovered in Mawangdui, China. Gold and silver chopsticks became popular in the Tang Dynasty (618 - 907). It was believed that silver chopsticks could detect poisons in food. Materials to Make Them Chopsticks can be classified into five groups based on the materials used to make them, i.e., wood, metal, bone, stone, and compound chopsticks. Bamboo and wood chopsticks are the most popular ones used in Chinese homes. How Not to Use Your Chopsticks There are a few things to avoid when using chopsticks. Chinese people usually dont beat their bowls while eating, since the behavior used to be practiced by beggars. Also dont insert chopsticks in a bowl upright because it is a custom exclusively used in sacrifice. If you are really interested in chopsticks, you may want to visit the Kuaizi Museum in Shanghai. The museum collected over 1,000 pairs of chopsticks. The oldest one was from the Tang Dynasty.

The purpose of food protection and safety Research Paper

The purpose of food protection and safety - Research Paper Example This has been taking root in developing countries due to parasite stimulated food borne illnesses, and presence of many industries that lead to emission of chemical into water sources contributing to the high level of food borne diseases. These factors have led to the formation of rules relating to food protection, and tribal and local agencies to inspect and oversee food establishment, to ensure food protection. The purpose of food protection is essentially to control the number of patients who undergo diagnostics related to poor food protection. This has been through the introduction of models of the food code, program evaluation and scientifically-based guidance. This is in regard to a study carried out by Knechtges (2012). The aim of this food protection strategy is to ensure that people are productive, rather than getting ill from food related health complications, which retards national development. Food protection is purposeful to ensure that there is no burden on communities and their health systems. This is because food contamination leads to a colossal economic and social burden on the people who suffer from the complication and those that care for the sick. This is because – according to a research study by NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Advances in Food Security and Safety against Terrorist Threats and Natural Disasters & Hefnawy (2011) – there is an indication that thirty five billion US dollars were set to cater for medical costs thus causing loss of productivity. Food protection has also to protect the reputation of a nation. This is because illnesses arising from food contamination like cholera and typhoid demean a country in that; it cannot protect its nationalities from food related diseases, hence the country cannot be helpful in terms of regional cooperation and exchanges (Thomasson, 2009). This is due to the suspicion that the foods they sell are not pure. Food protection through biotechnology measures such as crop

Enhancing a Home Computer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Enhancing a Home Computer - Essay Example Buying a new one is quite expensive and is a waste of money if one already has a computer that is functioning well; in this case, upgrading the computer system seems to be a favorable option. A few changes here and there, and a computer system will be ready to take on any game to provide computer users with a better gaming experience (Kohler 234). Mostly, the problem experienced by gamers while gaming is the speed of the game; the games require higher amount of speed and the computer can only afford to provide a limited amount of speed. This happens because the Ram (Random Access Memory) of a particular gamer’s personal computer is lesser than the amount of space required to run a particular game. In this scenario, the gamer has to change the RAM of his/her personal computer. The RAM level should be higher than the desired amount of RAM required. Switching RAMs is quite easy and is less expensive than changing the entire personal computer. The current version of upgraded RAM on which the current high quality games are based and designed is DDR3; a 4GB RAM of DDR3 only costs around 50 pounds (Vandome 310). Just a small expense of 50 pounds, and the computer will be ready to help one play high quality games. Upgrade of RAM is not the only thing required to play high quality PC games; games now even require high quality video cards. Both RAM and video cards operate together to give a user the best experience of a particular game. The choice of video card depends on one’s pocket size; this means one’s willingness to spend money and the kind of games one wants to play (Dukish 210). If a particular game requires a gaming video card, it can not be played on a ordinary VGA card. Currently, the best available video cards for a gamer to make his PC a gaming paradise are GTX 460 and 570 (Debevec 125). The 460 one is much expensive than the

History of Gladiatorial Games Essay Example for Free

History of Gladiatorial Games Essay History of gladiatorial games Origins Early literary sources seldom agree on the origins of gladiators and the gladiator games.[1] In the late 1st century BC, Nicolaus of Damascus believed they were Etruscan.[2] A generation later, Livy wrote that they were first held in 310 BC by the Campanians in celebration of their victory over the Samnites.[3] Long after the games had ceased, the 7th century AD writer Isidore of Seville derived Latin lanista (manager of gladiators) from the Etruscan word for executioner, and the title of Charon (an official who accompanied the dead from the Roman gladiatorial arena) from Charun, psychopomp of the Etruscan underworld. [4] Roman historians emphasized the gladiator games as a foreign import, most likely Etruscan. This preference informed most standard histories of the Roman games in the early modern era.[5] Reappraisal of the evidence supports a Campanian origin, or at least a borrowing, for the games and gladiators.[6] The earliest known Roman gladiator schools (ludi) were in Campania.[7] Tomb frescoes from Paestum (4th century BC) show paired fighters, with helmets, spears and shields, in a propitiatory funeral blood-rite that anticipates early Roman gladiator games.[8] Compared to these images, supporting evidence from Etruscan tomb-paintings is tentative and late. The Paestum frescoes may represent the continuation of a much older tradition, acquired or inherited from Greek colonists of the 8th century BC.[9] Livy dates the earliest Roman gladiator games to 264 BC, in the early stages of Romes First Punic War against Carthage. Decimus Iunius Brutus Scaeva had three gladiator pairs fight to the death in Romes cattle market Forum (Forum Boarium) to honor his dead father, Brutus Pera. This is described as a munus (plural: munera), a commemorative duty owed the manes of a dead ancestor by his descendants.[10] The gladiator type used (according to a single, later source), was Thracian.[11] but the development of the munus and its gladiator types was most strongly influenced by Samniums support for Hannibal and subsequent punitive expeditions by Rome and her Campanian allies; the earliest and most frequently mentioned type was the Samnite.[12] The war in Samnium, immediately afterwards, was attended with equal danger and an equally glorious conclusion. The enemy, besides their other warlike preparation, had made their battle-line to glitter with new and splendid arms. There were two corps: the shields of the one were inlaid with gold, of the other with silverThe Romans had already heard of these splendid accoutrements, but their generals had taught them that a soldier should be rough to look on, not adorned with gold and silver but putting his trust in iron and in courageThe Dictator, as decreed by the senate, celebrated a triumph, in which by far the finest show was afforded by the captured armour. So the Romans made use of the splendid armour of their enemies to do honour to their gods; while the Campanians, in consequence of their pride and in hatred of the Samnites, equipped after this fashion the gladiators who furnished them entertainment at their feasts, and bestowed on them the name Samnites. (Livy 9.40)[13] Livys account skirts the funereal, sacrificial function of early Roman gladiator combats and underlines the later theatrical ethos of the gladiator show: splendidly, exotically armed and armoured barbarians, treacherous and degenerate, are dominated by Roman iron and native courage.[14] His plain Romans virtuously dedicate the magnificent spoils of war to the Gods. Their Campanian allies stage a dinner entertainment using gladiators who may not be Samnites, but play the Samnite role. Other groups and tribes would join the cast list as Roman territories expanded. Most gladiators were armed and armoured in the manner of the enemies of Rome.[15] The munus became a morally instructive form of historic enactment in which the only honourable option for the gladiator was to fight well, or else die well.

Historical Perspective Essay examples -- Bloody Sunday History Essays

Historical Perspective Unfortunately, all most Americans know about the event known as Bloody Sunday, they learned from U2's smash hit, "Sunday Bloody Sunday." The source of this song's popularity stems from its ability to evoke widespread sympathy for Irish by painting an unforgettable picture of death and despair in the minds of each of its listeners. So what is unfortunate about this song being the primary source of historical knowledge concerning Bloody Sunday for most Americans? It is unfortunate not because of its lack of information or authenticity, but because of its lack of historical perspective. Essayist Jane Tompkins addresses this idea of perspecitivism by citing the changing representation of colonial American Indians in historical texts dating from 1964 to 1978. According to Limerick, in historical texts from the early 1960s, Indians weren't represented at all; they were "simply beneath notice" (65). By the late 1960s Indian culture, albeit "an inferior culture" (65), was finally acknowledged. In the early 1970s Indians "were the more or less innocent prey of the power-hungry whites" (65), but not until 1978 did Indians become "complicated, purposeful human beings, whose lives were spiritually motivated to a high degree" (66). Tompkins argues that because every historical account is a product of its author's perspective, it is important to analyze varying sources, including those of the traditionally under-represented. What I found in my research of Bloody Sunday is that in our efforts to account for the traditionally under-represented perspective, we have absentmindedly omitted the dominant perspective instead. This omission will undoubtedly cause the same problems that omitting the traditionally under-repr... ... Unlimited Special Reports. 20 Oct. 2000. <http://www.guardianunlimited.co.uk/bloodysunday/article/0,2763,184927,00.html>. Limmerick, Patricia Nelson. The Legacy of Conquest. New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company, 1987. 35-54. McClean, Raymond, M.D. The Road to Bloody Sunday. L'Derry, Northern Ireland: Guildhall Press, 1997. 120-130. Morrison, Matt. "Remembering Bloody Sunday." The Irish People. 25 Jan. 1997. 1 Oct. 2000 <http://larkspirit.com/bloodysunday/witness.htm>. Tompkins, Jane. â€Å"’Indians’: Textualism, Morality, and the Problem of History.† in â€Å"Race,† Writing, and Difference. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1986. 59-77. Winchester, Simon. "13 Killed as Paratroopers Break Riot." Guardian Unlimited Special Reports. 20 Oct. 2000. <http://www.guardianunlimited.co.uk/bloodysunday/article/0,2763,184928,00.html>.

Ethics and Moral Reasoning Essay

Even though living in pain can be a physical and emotional toll on a person’s life, no one can judge or comment on it without knowing how it feels, but choosing to end your life for this cause is ethically wrong. A person should not be able to choose between life and death like it is something normal that we do every day. Dying is not the answer to a person’s problems, pains, or sufferings. Now a day technology and medicine are highly advanced and can cure or reduce the pain of a person with a disease. Choosing to end your life is basically committing suicide and suicide is wrong. First, I believe a person should not be able to choose whether they will live or die because dying will ease the pain and suffering they are experiencing but it is not the answer to their problems. People do not realize that by choosing to die they cause problems, pain and suffering to others. For example, a person may choose to die and have a big medical bill in which his spouse or family will be responsible for and not be able to afford it. Now because of his/her acts this family will be stuck with the financial problems left behind which can cause the person suffering due to financial burdens when they cannot afford it. Then to think on funeral expenses, and how the adults will explain it to children who might be too young to understand why was this chosen. Now a day medicine can cure or reduce the pain of a person with a disease. As I researched on the web I found that because of the â€Å"rapid and dramatic development in medicine and technology professionals have the power to save more lives.† For example, when a person has cancer they undergo chemo and/or radiation. Some people have it with success and kill the cancer cells while others don’t. We also have people with AIDS who can live their life pain and symptom free thanks to medicine they have to ta ke and things they have to undergo. Living with AIDS is a good example on a disease that is terminal and there is no cure for it but there are medicines that can and will help a person live life for many years and with very little to no problems. By ending life with the assistance of a doctor or medicine is basically committing assisted suicide and this is wrong and should not be assisted or encourage. Life is a gift from God and a person should not decide the end of it. Having a doctor assist you and give you medicine to end your life  whether it is to end your pain and suffering from a terminal disease is as bad as putting a gun to your head. I believe that having assisted suicide most people abuse it and think it’s the only way out. Some might even doing in despair or they might be desperate to stop all the pain they are in. Others might feel depressed in knowing they have a disease they might not be able to cure and will eventually die from. Ending a life due to medical issue is morally and ethically wrong and people should let the disease run its course. I don’t know how it is to live in pain and the physical and emotional toll it can have on someone. I cannot judge or comment on any person’s situation but a person should not be able to choose whether they will live or die. I believe it is selfish on their part to choose to end their life and should realize that dying will not stop the problems, pains, or sufferings. It will stop on their part because they will not be here to live it but it would not stop for the family and can even get worse with the death of that person. Medicine and technology are highly advanced and can cure or reduce the pain of a person with a disease. There are many medicines and equipment used to ease, stop and even prevent pain. When a person is choosing to end their life they are basically planning on committing suicide. People should look into the consequences it will bring if t hey do choose to end their life before even mentioning it. References: Assisted Suicide: A Right or a Wrong?. (n.d.). Assisted Suicide: A Right or a Wrong?. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v1n1/suicide.html Physician-assisted Suicide: The Wrong Approach to End of Life Care. (n.d.). Physician-assisted Suicide: The Wrong Approach to End of Life Care. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.usccb.org/issues-and-action/human-life-and-dignity/assisted-suicide/to-live-each-day/physician-assisted-sucide-wrong-approach.cfm

J. Joyce Clay

James Joyce was a master storyteller who loved to create plot and thematic nature centered on character paralysis. His mastery came in his subtle ability to weave the main characters true essence of paralysis by slowly seeping it into the veins of the reader. Most of Joyce’s collection of stories casts men in the main role where he follows the male protagonist through strife. In Clay, however, the theme follows a woman and her trials of separation—a loss she denies is ever present due to her paralysis. As we attempt to unfold the meaning of James Joyce’s use of paralysis in his classic tale, Clay, one thing stands out. In most other published fiction, Joyce shows a preference to focus on the voice of the male character. Clay, however, is an exception. Here, his central character—the protagonist—is a female. Yet, just because the focus of most of his fiction is set aside for the male sex, does that mean he hopes to glorify this sex? Hardly. We must look into just how Joyce perceived the male character versus the female character in his stories. From one front, we can say that, by-and-large, because his protagonists were male, there was some gender stereotyping going on in the mind of our author. We must, however, look deeply into his use of paralysis as a central theme. This paralysis is not exactly a place people prefer to be. However, many of us can relate to suffering, pain, and loss. These are some of the reasons Joyce’s story Clay is profoundly telling. Another interesting point to consider is this: Was Joyce using men in the starring role as an opportunity to place them on an award-winning podium? Or, was this an opportunity to bash the male gender? So just what was his biased reasoning behind rarely using female protagonists? Did he stereotype the female persona? Were his stories a form of gender racism? In answering this, it is clear that the main character suffered, to varying degrees of emotional, physical, and social discomfort. These characters—male or female—were not something a reader would aspire to. So, just because the role of the female protagonist was rare in a James Joyce story, there is not sound evidence that he preferred the male gender over the female gender. It could be argued, for instance, that his focus on the troubled male was his way of bashing this sex. Surely glory was not an overtone in Clay or many of his other published works of art. So we go to the next question: Did Joyce treat women differently than his male roles? Some can argue that his paralysis-based stories were a chance for Joyce to belittle the female character. In Clay, Maria, our protagonist was viewed as almost distasteful to look at. However, Maria didn’t see it this way. At the very least, we can say that gender role stereotyping was prevalent. In looking at the female voice, we can see that he did place women in the mother/lover/wife role. In the male role position, we see that the character, Joe, is in a much freer position that Maria. Albeit Joe did have a disease of his own: alcoholism. But, Joe was also typecast in the head-of-household role, and the one who others reported to—even though he had a drinking problem. Yet, Maria was the protagonist, so the lead character is, obviously, going to be the sufferer anyway. What’s more important to remember is the fact that James Joyce placed all his characters in debilitating situations. So, sexism doesn’t seem a likely analysis behind the author’s reasoning for creating such one-sided male character-based stories. If someone is looking for a hero or role model, regardless of sex, they will not find it in Clay, or any of his short fiction paralysis-based stories. Joyce had deep reasoning behind staging the story of a maid and how she relates, reacts, and is portrayed by a family who she’s worked with for many years. Paralysis, once again, was Joyce’s underlying motive that created such magic on the page. Upon an initial read of this short classic, there appears to be very little action in the story, with the main thrust coming from emotion and thoughts surrounding Maria—our seemingly wafer-thin female who is loved and respected by those in her life, at least according to Maria. All the characters in the story, in fact, appear to lack any depth. The spiritual epiphany seems to be missing as well. Maria, as transparent as she first appeared, is shown to reveal herself as a charismatic person who has a gift for touching others. Joyce, once again, did this with clever wit. The author loved to move the reader along at a smooth, almost velvety pace. Then, almost out of thin air, he’d add tiny, silent bombs of description that spoke volumes about a character’s past. Maria, for example, is referred to as†¦ a very, very small person indeed but she had a very long nose and a very long chin. She talked a little through her nose, always soothingly†¦ Joyce, here, uses description of Maria’s facial features to tell so much more about her than the dimensions of her nose and chin. We are given a taste of her past: a soft spoken, generous woman who radiated joy in others by her willingness to aid her fellows in need. This radiating joy, however, is something that only Maria perceives. This dysfunctional means of viewing herself as lovely doesn’t become fully apparent until we are through with the story; for Joyce takes this entire process of painting Maria’s emotional state with slow, yet deliberate, remarks. Many times its the way he casts a scene and how the minor characters act or ignore Maria that truly adds color to his theme of paralysis. According to Maria, people saw beyond her less than charismatic nose and chin, seeing her shimmering inner beauty shine forth. It was her actions and unconditional devotion that created her beautiful persona. However, Joyce goes on to use a narrator who works more like a thief. This thief of a narrator tells the tale in a voice that leads the reader off-course so he can hide the wealth of the true theme and moral. For, beyond Maria’s long nose, the narrator goes on to describe Maria as a petite, small-boned and attractive woman. Joyce does this as our Maria—a woman who is valued as reliable, caring, and wise—gains pleasure by marveling over herself in the mirror. Joyce is so subtle that it doesn’t hit the reader until he or she is two or three sentence beyond the scene where Maria gets pleasure out of looking at the soft, gentle slopes of her frame. But only Maria sees herself as lovely. The story opens with positive embellishments by her tea-party friends. They say she is likable and hard-working, a woman with a knack for â€Å"keeping-house. † In effect, this is the minor characters way of patronizing Maria for her inefficiencies and trappings as a maid. Joe, a man she worked for, adds that she holds the standing of a â€Å"proper mother† whom he has formed a deep bond with. Joyce wrote, Mamma is mamma but Maria is my proper mother Joyce, of course, twists things up nicely by adding the fact that Joe has a drinking problem. So, how reliable is he? Yet, even with his joy for booze, Joyce ties it all together with such clarity that the reader is willing to excuse Joe’s drinking problem and accept him as a reliable source when he relates to how Maria has affected him. In comparison to other short stories by James Joyce, this is a rare example of a protagonist suffering from that subliminal paralysis who is actually liked by the other characters. Take Dubliners, for example. In Dubliners, the protagonist is viewed as shallow and lacking integrity. Maria, in contrast, receives preferential treatment by how the other characters voice their opinion of her. True they like her, but they also feel sorry for Maria. This is very empowering yet, at the same time, places the reader on a cliff of wonder. How can this woman who is viewed so highly be suffering from a life-long paralysis? Something is amiss. But what? This is what makes Joyce such a master at toying with paralysis. A more introspective look at Maria reveals the warped perception she sees in herself. How can a woman look at her own long beak of a nose with bulging chin and consider it glamorous? When she laughed, wrote Joyce, her grey-green eyes sparkled with disappointed shyness and the tip of her nose nearly met the tip of her chin. Although the narrative voice is not Maria, per se, we can see that she fancies her own image, as referenced earlier. Maria screens out the fact that it would be a stretch to say that someone was beautiful if the tip of her nose nearly kissed her pointy chin when she laughed. Joyce mentioned that people ignore her in the pastry shop. Plus, when she is on the crowded tram, no one—initially—considers moving over to make a seat for her. Chivalry, back in the morning of the twentieth century, was much more prevalent than it is today. So why would almost every man on the tram offer her no consideration? Furthermore, there is a man who recognizes her and he offers his seat. But he’s a drunk. Even the drunk had stealthy motives: The drunk stole her cake while on the tram, at least this is what could be inferred from the text. So, with careful examination, it becomes very clear that sweet little Maria, is not the person she feels she is. While on the tram, Joyce hit readers with the following description that parallels her life of solitude. She will always be more than one step shy of fitting into the mold of the American middle class. In the following statement, Maria is placed in yet another metaphor where she is going in the wrong direction in her life. Joyce wrote, The tram was full and she had to sit on the little stool at the end of the car, facing all the people, with her toes barely touching the floor. The paralysis becomes more apparent when we analyze Maria’s life as a single woman. She will never marry and is cemented—trapped—into working as a maid for the rest of her life. Joe’s family, somewhat secretly, mock Maria for living the life of a maid†¦. never to be someone’s maiden. In fact, the initial take is that the family truly loves her. As the family gathers, Joe attempts to show some tact by bringing up the notion of everyone should take a drink, just to loosen up. Joe, of course, wants more port, to feed his alcoholic vice. Yet, at the same time he infers that Maria, too, should take a drink. That way she can forget about her sorrowful life. Joe even insists that Maria take a drink. Maria, still blinded by her own faults, refuses the drink. As the story closes, Maria sings a few stanzas of a poem that speak of the fact that she will never live the wealthy life. This singing even brings tears to Joe’s eyes. The reader, once again, is left to wonder this: Is Joe sinking into the depression of alcohol? Or is he feeling sorry for Maria? That is left to the readers’ imagination. One thing is certain, though: Maria will never overcome the paralysis that stymies her.

Financial Statements

Financial Statements Free Online Research Papers Financial statements are important in providing an overview of the company’s financial condition both in short and long term. Financial statements should be understandable, relevant, reliable, and comparable and are used by owners, managers, investors to help them make important business decisions. The audience, purpose, and nature of financial statements and managerial reports will be examined. In addition, the use of financial accounting information in making informed and ethical business decisions will be discussed. What are financial statements? Financial statements are part of a process of financial reporting which provide information about the financial strength, performance, and changes in financial position of a company that is useful in making economic decisions. Financial statements include an income statement, a balance sheet and a cash flow statement and owners and managers require financial statements to assist them in making business decisions that affect the performance of the company (Block Hirt, 2005). Management of the company is primarily responsible for preparing and presenting financial statements of the firm and all reports included the date prepared, the period covered, and descriptive labels and titles are comprehensible to the general reader. The reports are produced annually and often generated quarterly or monthly and frequent reports are more useful as management tools because they are based on current data and provide more opportunities to react to changes in financial markets. Financial statements are also used by employees and their representatives to determine company’s ability to provide retirement benefits and employment opportunities, and the company’s stability and profitability. Moreover, government and their agencies rely on financial statements to regulate the company’s activities, determine taxation policies, and as the basis of national income and similar statistics. Financial statements contain important information for investors, providers of risk capital to the company and their advisers are concerned with the risk inherent in, and return provided by their investments. Investors rely on financial statements to assess management’s accountability and determine whether to hold or sell their investment, reappoint or replace management. Shareholders are interested in information to assess the ability of the company to pay dividends. â€Å"An income statement is a major device for measuring the profitability of a firm over a period of time† (Block Hirt, 2005, p. 3) and also shows the costs and expenses associated with generated revenues and net earnings or losses. Income statements also report earnings per share or a calculation that shows how much money shareholders would receive if the company decided to distribute all of the net earnings for the period. â€Å"Price- earnings ratio is a multiplier applied to earnings per share to determine current value of the common stock and is influenced by the earnings and sales growth of the firm, the risk or volatility in performance, the debt-equity structure of the firm, dividend payment policy, the quality of management and a number of other factors. Since companies have various levels of earnings per share, price earnings ratios allow for comparison of the relative market value of many companies based on $1 of earnings per share† (Block Hirt, 2005, p. 9). A balance sheet provides detailed information of the company’s assets, liabilities, and shareholder’s equity and shows all transactions accumulated since the inception of the company and balance sheet items are based on original cost rather than current market value. Assets are what the company owns that have value and can be converted to cash within a year or normal operating cycle of the company and include plants, trucks, equipment, inventory, trademarks, patents, investments and cash. Liabilities are financial obligations of the company due in one year or longer term and can include money borrowed from the bank, rent for use of the building, money owed to suppliers for materials, payroll for employees, environmental cleanup costs and taxes owed to government, providing goods and services to customers in the future and bonds. Shareholder’s equity is referred to as capital or net worth or the money that would be left if the company sold all of its assets and paid off all of its liabilities and the leftover money belongs to the shareholders or owners of the company (Block Hirt, 2005). Both the income statement and balance sheet are based on an accrual method of accounting, in which revenues and expenses are recognized as they occur regardless of when the actual payment is received and even if the supplies has not been paid. However, a cash flow statement shows a companys sources and uses of cash or actual cash flow position of the firm including how changes in the balance sheet and income statement affected cash and cash equivalents and breaks down analysis according to operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flow statement excludes transactions that do not directly affect cash receipts and payments such as depreciation and write-offs on bad debts and provides information on the companys liquidity and solvency and its ability to change cash flows in future circumstances. The financial manager must understand the institutional structure of the Federal Reserve System, the commercial banking system and economic variables such as gross domestic product, industrial production, disposable income, unemployment, inflation, interest rates, and taxes to assist in the financial decision making process. In addition, the financial manager is responsible for interpreting and using financial statements in allocating the company’s financial resources to maximize profits and the wealth of the company’s shareholders (Block Hirt, 2005). â€Å"The goal of shareholder wealth maximization must also be consistent with a concern for social responsibility for the company by adopting policies that maximize values in the market; the company can attract capital, provide employment, and offer benefits to the company† (Block Hirt, 2005, p. 27). The company may also use financial information to make informed and ethical business decisions, for example declining stocks due to immense competition in the telecommunications industry and the shareholders are bemoaning on the returns. The company is under pressure to develop an aggressive approach to cut costs and realize growth by outsourcing some of their jobs and create partnerships with other providers to offer new services. The company must communicate with their loyal employees and shareholders and involve them in the decision making process because of social responsibility and ethical values. Furthermore, financial statements have significant value, but non- financial indications such as employee commitment, customer satisfaction, quality of corporate governance, and operational performance are really the key to the company’s success (Chasan, 2007). Conclusion Financial statements including income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statements provide important information for managers, employees, investors to assist in making informed business decisions. Financial managers must have thorough understanding of accounting principles to allocate the company’s financial resources to generate the highest returns for the company. In addition, the use of financial accounting may be used to make ethical decisions impacting the company’s performance and other stakeholders. Research Papers on Financial StatementsIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Project Managment Office SystemTwilight of the UAWResearch Process Part OnePETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaOpen Architechture a white paperDefinition of Export QuotasMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Career Tips for Twentysomethings to Build a Lasting Career For Years

Career Tips for Twentysomethings to Build a Lasting Career For Years You may feel young and immortal, but you won’t be by the time you’re in your 30s and feeling over the hill. Taking a few important, but relatively easy steps now can really make a difference in setting you up for future success. Pay yourself forward. Here are 15 career tips that will help pay serious dividends in a year- or two- or 20.1. Master basic life skillsNow that you’re out of school and on your own, it’s the time to practice all those adulting skills no one ever really told you that you would need. Things like living within your means, putting money away for the future, dealing with rejection, staying patient and positive, eating your vegetables, and paying your bills. A little work now can do a lot of good later.2. Ask yourself a daily question (or questions)So many of the greats motivate themselves by asking inspirational questions on a daily basis. Things like: â€Å"what good thing can I do today?† or â€Å"what would you do if you thou ght you couldn’t fail?† In the words of Einstein, â€Å"Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning.† A little self-reflection is always as good thing- and will stand you in good stead if it becomes a habit when you really need it.3. Stay healthyDevelop and stick to a fitness regimen while you’re still young and healthy. Don’t wait until you start to feel the aging process settle in. If you make it a habit and not an onerous project (slash gargantuan task), then you’ll never neglect yourself or fall into decrepitude and bad health. And you’ll save yourself a lot of time and struggle later.4. Learn to cushionWhen you’re heading to work, or to an interview, or even to meet friends for dinner, it’s very important to leave yourself a bit of wiggle room on your way. If you think it will take you 22 minuets to get somewhere, practice rounding up and giving yourself a h alf an hour just to be on the safe side. One day (or several!) this will save your bacon. If nothing else, you’ll never have to arrive sweating or out of breath again.5. Go outside your comfort zoneParticularly when in social situations. Pushing your own limits just a little here and there will make you much more relaxed and socially adaptable later when your worst hermit habits kick in as you age.6. Pick up a hobbyBetter start now and pick one while you have the energy and wherewithal to pick a cool one. It will stand you in good stead in a decade or two when hobbies come in handy for helping to expand your social circle.7. Take your timeLearning to spend quality time with yourself is an incredibly valuable skill. Take yourself to a movie. Go out to dinner alone and don’t spend the whole time noodling on your phone. The earlier you can develop ease with solitude, the better off you’ll be. Start small- even just a half an hour a day.8. Get involvedGetting involv ed in meaningful causes is a great way to gain some perspective and keep your priorities straight. You’ll never be this young or strong again; and you’ll never have more free time. So get out there and help someone other than yourself. You’ll be very glad you did.9. Save upYouth is great, but old age is just around the corner. Money you put away for savings now will only grow. Even just $5 a month into a retirement account can make a world of difference when the fated day arrives. Try living frugally while you’re still young and vital so you can live comfortably and with security when you need those two things most.10. Be informedTo be interesting you should also be interested. Keep track of current events and sporting milestones. Keep abreast of the most meaty and meaningful issues of your day. You’ll not only be a better conversationalist, you might just find a passion you didn’t realize you had.11. Fail betterSuccess is a great goal, but failure is a very important stepping stone on the way there. Let yourself fall flat on your face a few times- this is how we learn. Then get up, dust off, and try again. The more you recover and overcome now, the more resilient you will know yourself to be when you start to feel more daunted by worldly circumstances.12. Weekly reviewStart the excellent habit of running through your week. Ask yourself what went well, what could have gone better, and what adjustments you should try to make in the coming week to keep improving. Little bits of work like this will make a big difference over the course of adulthood.13. Read everythingThis is the best life skill there is. For the cost of a library card, you can improve your vocabulary, learn about the world, become more fluent in a wide variety of subjects, and be able to better empathize with people who are entirely different than you. Reading exercises your mind and your heart- and both things make you a better person.14. See the worldDo n’t just try and make a pile of money to enjoy in your dotage. Travel while you have the energy and health and time without constraints. See the world. Develop a taste for new things. You’ll be a much more interesting old person- and you’ll experience a much more diverse world.15. Shake it upRoutines are great, but every once in a while it’s good to shake things up a little. Just to prove to yourself you’re still in the driver’s seat. Make every day of your life memorable and meaningful and you’ll have very few regrets indeed.

Rhetorical Analysis of Academic Communities of Writing and Discourse Essay

Rhetorical Analysis of Academic Communities of Writing and Discourse in the Technical Fields - Essay Example Notably, each journal has its own purpose and has defined academic traits and levels of academic integrity that authors and contributors should have. This paper will present a rhetorical analysis of five journals using an article from each of the journals as an example, and highlighting the differences and similarities in the purpose, content, use of tone and language. This journal contains both English and French articles and invites peers to review articles in different publications. The purpose of the journal is publishing articles related to fundamental studies of the transfer processes on thermal aspects as well as related applications. It has a defined scope of the articles it publishes which must be related to thermal processes in physics. The reason why this journal publishes in both English and French in an effort to increase the readers considering these languages are the most widely used international languages. One of the articles selected from this journal titled â€Å"thermal conductivity measurement of amorphous si/ sige multilayer films by three omega method,† it becomes evident that the journal places emphasis on the use of an academic tone while presenting the research finding (Shen et al 20). The structure of presentation of the research findings should be very elaborate as revealed in this article. Moreover, the authors contributing articles to this journal must back up their finding with graphical representations, diagrams, and illustrations as required by the physics field. Since the journal targets readers who are either students specializing in the field or other professional with advanced knowledge in the field, the tone and language level reflect an advanced academic level (Shen et al 22). This journal targets to cover articles that discuss any of the scientific and technological processes related to fatigue. In this case, the